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Tube insert expansion helps in sorting problems encountered in shell and tube type heat exchangers. Tube expansion methods involve expanding the tube inside the tube sheet and swaging to ensure that the space between the two components is always forced closed. Hydraulic expansion is the direct application of high internal pressure within a tube or sleeve in order to form a tight joint between the tube and the tube sheet, or a tight seal between the sleeve and the tube.
In direct hydraulic expansion, the tube is sealed at its expansion zone ends and fluid pressure is applied directly to the inside surface of the tubular section being expanded.
Water pressure is applied to the tube ID over the full length of the joint in an accurately prescribed pressure zone, producing clean and consistent joints in a single step. With this process stress, crevice corrosion and metallurgical changes are minimized. Because expansion is accomplished using only distilled or purified water, no lubricant is forced into the tube surface and there is no surface flaking or spalling inside the tube.
Water distribution characteristics of spray nozzles with spray plates used to distribute cooling water to the cooling fills in a cooling tower is one of the important parameters for the selection of nozzles. Water distribution characteristic describes the distribution of water from the axis of the nozzle along a fill. One of the parameters affecting the water distribution characteristic of the nozzle is airflow velocity of counter flow airstream. Water distribution characteristics are commonly measured using a set of containers. The problem with this method of measurement of characteristics is block of the airflow with collections of containers. Therefore, this work is using the visualization method.
Spray nozzle effectiveness is based on the size, shape, velocity, and distribution of droplets. The goal of the spray laboratory is to find new ways to help customers maximize performance while using less liquid and lower pumping pressure. Through better design and analysis, we can help improve efficiency and cut fluid process costs.
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